Mongolian Yurt

A Mongolian Yurt(ger) is a traditional portable dwelling of the nomadic Mongolians for 3000 years. Generally, Ger components consist of a wooden framework, a felt cover, and ropes. From various primitive dwellings to the modern ger with its delicate and unique ornaments, a complex system of aesthetic characteristics defines the Mongol ger architecture, which has been passed on for generations.

Mongolian Yurt

Mongolian yurt played a huge role in the development of Mongolian architecture history. The history of yurt, which is the home of the ancient Mongolian tribes began in 500 common era, when the yurts were made of only felt. Therefore, the development of the yurt has a history of 2500-3000 years. The 13th century Mongolian yurt was very similar to the modern Mongolian yurt which we are living now. During the feudal society, in order to express the idea of ​​ruling people and consolidating their power, even the appearance of the yurt was different from that of the common people. Yurts of nomadic families are designed to be as light as possible to transport and easy to build, while yurts of urban families value comfort and elegance, so the certain parts of the yurt are highly functional. Since ancient times, yurts have been distinguished as Mongolian and Turkic. Mongolian one is different from a Turkic yurt in its simplicity and design. Turkic yurts have smaller crown, longer roof poles, smaller roof top compared to Mongolian yurts. Mongolian yurts have different names according to their function and materials used. Yurts are widely used among inner and outer Mongolia, kazakh, Buriad, Kyrgyz, Halimags and Altai mountain people. In ger, quilts, felt mats or carpets are made with patterns. Since the spread of Buddhism, a deity with a gong and sacrificial items have been placed there. According to the ancient Mongolian custom, family members sit on the left side of the house and guests sit on the right side.

The round shape of the yurt is useful for the full possession of the living area, it is lower which is stable against the wind, it is covered with felt, which is warm, and crown windows allow both wind and light.

In Mongolia, there are about 300 sunny days a year, so the heat of the sun entering into yurt makes it warmer throughout the day. Since ancient times, Mongols used to determine the time of day based on the position of the sun. The capacity of a yurt is determined by the number of walls. For example, the current Mongolian yurt has 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 walls. In order to protect against rain, snow, and strong winds in the four seasons of the year, and to adjust the lighting of the house, special cover is made for the crown.

Assembling a yurt has a certain sequence. Therefore, it is as follows:

1. Laying the floor
2. Build a door
3. Circle the wall
4. Belt pulling
5. Build roof poles
6. Stinging
7. Inner cover
8. Layering
9. Laying a roof
10. Outside cover
11.Covering a crown
12. Pulling a scarf
13. Fastening with straps.